Electrical distribution.



R. C. LEAKE. ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION. APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1009.

1,066,823, Patented July 8, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 1- R. C. LEAKE. ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION. APPLIOATIONFILED MAY 10, 1009.

1,066,823. Patented July 8, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 coLumum PLANOGRAPII 60., WASHINGTON. n. c,

RICHARD C. LEAKE, OF BALDWINSVILLE, NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

ocos-32:2.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 8, 1 913.

Application filed May 10, 1909. Serial No. 494,950.

1 b all whom, it may concern lie it known that I, Riemann C. Lnrxn, ofllaldwinsville, in the county oi? Onondaga, in the State of New York,have invented new and useful Improvements in Electrical Distribution, ofwhich the following, taken in. connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in electricaldistribution, and refers more particularly to an electrical selectivesystem involving the use ot a main line cir cuit (either metal or metalground) l'iaving a transn'iitting station and one or more receivingstations connected thereto, or a pinrality of transmitting stationselectrically connected by the same or ditt'erent line circuits to thesame receiving station, each receiving station coi'i'iprising in itsorganization a suitable selector controlled at the will of the operatorat any one of the transmitting stat-ions tor eitl'ecting the operationof any suitable call, signal or other translating device adapted to becontrolled by the particular selector employed.

My main object is to provide a selectivecall-telephonictrain-despatching-system by which a despatcher may selectively call andtalk with the operator at any one of the receiving stations over thesame line circuit to the exclusion of other despatchers who may beconnected by ditl'erent lines with the same selective system at suchstation, and at the same time leaving the main line or telephoniccircuit przwticallytlree :l'rom inductance, electron'iagnets and otherdevices employed in the operation of a selective call which mightinterfere with free telephonic communication. In other words I havesought to con trol the action of the selector through the medium ofditlcrent cin'rent qualities impressed upon or in the main line circuit,the current of one quality being employed to close a normally opencircuit at the receiving station through which the current. ofditl'erentquality may be impressed or passed to o )erate the selectorand at the end of such operation cause the opening of such localcircuit.

The local circuit mentioned at. the receiving station includes thereinwhat is technically known as a coher-cr which is normally decohered butis energized to close such local circuit by means of a high tre quencycurrent impressed upon the line by impulses over the same line to bringinto action the selector, each selector at the *arious receivingstations being controlled by a different combination of impulses or anyother well known selective -forms of current with which the variousselectors or other translating devices may be attuned, as it is evidentthat in some instances the selectors may be omitted and the calls orother translating devices at the receiving stations operated directlyfrom the sending station, each to the exclusion of the other.

Other objects and uses relating to specilic parts of the system will bebrought out in the following description.

In the drawing--l igures 11. and '2 are re s 'iectively a diagran'umiticview of a series of, in this instance three, transmitting stations and adiagrannnatic view of one of any number of receiving stations, saidrcceiving stations being connected by a series of, in this instancethree, separate main line circuits (preferably metallic) through themedium of separate controlling devices at the receiving station, one foreach sending station, whereby the operator at either transmittingstation may bring into action the same call or other translating deviceat the receiving station to the exclusion of the other operators at thesending stations.

For convenience of illustration l: have shown in Figs. 1 and 2 portionsot a plurality of, in this instance three, main line (pre't'erablymetallic) circuits, 'l--, 2- and I;lwhich are to be considered ascontinuous between a corresponding number o'l sending stations A, ll andC, Fig. ,1, and all of any number of receiving stations G-, Fig. 2.These sending stations A, B and C are electrically connected in anysuitable manner to their main line circuits -1-, -2 and 3---. and may belocated at the same or at dillerent points in the system, but are hererepresented as train dcspatchiug stations for the exclusive use of thedespatchers in telephonic communication with any one of the receivingstations with which it, may be desired to communicate. Each of thesedespatching stations A, l3 and C comprises means for generating analternating current of high Frequency and impressing the same in or uponthe corresponding line circuit to close the local circuit at thereceiving station hereinafter described, and also comprises means forgenerating and impressing upon the line direct current impulses ofpredetermined frequency or duration for operating a selector or othertranslating device at the receiving station immediately upon the closingof the local circuit by the high frequency current.

Any suitable means may be employed at each of the sending stations forgenerating a high frequency alternating current and impressing the sameupon the corresponding main line, and for purposes of illustration Ihave shown each sending station as equipped with an induction coil 4-comprising a primary circuit 5 and a secondary circuit -6'--, theprimary circuit beable source, as a battery 7. This primary circuit isnormally open and adapted to be closed by any suitable circuit closer,as a-, which may be of any well known form of manual or manuallycontrolled automatic type, said primary circuit having connected thereina vibrating armature -8- playing between the core of the induction coil-4 and a contact terminal -9 which is also connected in the primarycircuit. The secondary circuit 6 includes therein jump spark terminals10 which are electrically connected through suitable condensers 11 tothe corresponding main line circuit, a similar condenser 12-- and avariable inductance 13 being connected across the line be tween theinduction coil 4 and main line.

It is now apparent that by the closing of the switch or circuit closer aat any one of the sending stations, an alternating current of very highfrequency will be generated in the corresponding main line from thesecondary coil 6-, such high frequency current being employed toenergize certain devices at all of the receiving stations which may beelectrically connected with that particular line for a purposehereinafter described. 7

The means for generating and impressing a direct current on any one ofthe main lines preferably consists of a source of electric energy, as anelectric battery Z) and a suitable circuit closer c, which are connectedto the main line circuit, the switch c being of any well known form ofmanual or manually controlled automatic type for impressing directcurrent impulses of predetermined periodicity or duration upon such mainline for the purpose of operating a selector or translating device atany particular receiving station with which it may be desired tocommunicate.

Any number of receiving stations Gr may be connected in any one of themain ing supplied with current from any suitof the circuit closer 0.

the mercury cups j are electrically conline circuits 1, -2 or 3-, or asshown in Fig. 2 any number of sending stations may be connected by themain lines to a single receiving station, but in each case practicallyall of the electromagnetic de vices and inductance used in the operationof a selective call or other translating device at the receiving stationare normally cut out of the main line circuit leaving the main line freefrom any interruptions or influences which might interefere with perfecttelephonic or telegraphic communication between the sending station andselected receiving station, it being understood that the high frequencycurrent generated at the sending station is so balanced with said linethat all noise through telephones is eliminated, thus permittingconversation to be carried on even though selection is being made at thetime.

Each receiving station is equipped with a normally open circuit closerconsisting, in this instance, of a coherer 6Z- connected to the mainline circuit and adapted to be v energized or cohercd by the highfrequency current impressed upon said main line by the closing of theswitch aat the sending station. The coherer -cZ is connected in, andforms a part of, a local battery circuit c in which is connected thewinding of an electromagnet f forming one of the elements of a localrelay having an armature the latter carrying the movable arm of anormally open local switch ]L which, in this instance, consists of aseries of contact points z' movable into and out of a correspondingseries of mercury cups -j. It is now clear that immediately upon theenergizing or cohering of the coherer cZ- the local battery circuit 6-is closed, thereby energizing the relay magnet f-- to attract thearmature gagainst the action of a retracting spring /cto close theswitch h.

Two of the mercury cups j of the switch ]L are electrically connected bywires -m across one of the main lines,

as -Z-, while another pair of mercury cups are connected by Wires ntothe Wind ing of an electromagnet 0- of another local relay having anarmature swhich is movable into and out of contact with terminals u ando-, but is normally held in contact with the terminal by a retractingspring w. The closing of the local switch -h, therefore places the relaymagnet 0 in electrical connection with the corresponding main linecircuit Z ready to receive the direct current impulses from thedespatcher or operator at the sending station --A by the operation Athird pair of nected to wires pforming a part of another local circultto which current is supplied by a local battery -g, and in this circuitis connected the winding of an electromagnet -1 and normally thearmature -s of the electromagnet -0--, one of the wires p beingconnected to one pole of the battery -g, while the other pole of saidbattery is connected by a normally closed switch -tand wire -w to oneend of the winding of the electromagnet -r, the other end of saidwinding being connected by a wire -g to the terminal -a-. One of thecontact terminals of the switch -tis also connected by a wire to aselector -H of any suitable or well known type, said selector being connected by a wire -15- to the contact terminal o of the switch armatures, thereby establishing another local circuit receiving current from thesame battery and of which the armature s is adapted to form a part whenin contact with the terminal uor when the electromagnet 0 is energized.

The electromagnet -1" is preferably made in the form of a solenoidhaving its plunger connected to the movable contact arm, as 16, of anormally open switch including a terminal .l7-, which is, in thisinstance, mounted upon the movable member of the switch tand isconnected to the same pole of the battery g. The switch arm -16- ispivoted intermediate its ends at -18 and is normally held open by aretracting spring 19, the end of said arm opposite to that whichcontacts with the terminal 17- being connected to a suitable retardingdevice, as a dash-pot 20-, of any well known construction capable ofretarding the closing action of the switch arm -16 except underprolonged energizing of the electromagnet r. This switch arm 16 is alsoconnected in a local circuit receiving current from the same battery andin which is electrically connected the winding of an electromagnet -21-which operates a vibrator 22 coacting with the coherer (Z- to decoherethe coherer and thereby open the local battery circuit 'e for a purposepresently described.

A fourth pair of mercury cups j are connected by wires 92 to anadditional local circuit deriving current from a suitable source ofelectric energy, as a battery --2i, and in which circuit is connectedthe winding of an electromagnet -25- co-acting with. the spring 7c tohold the armature in its retracted position for holding the switch 7zopen.

lVhen more than one despatching station is connected with the samereceiving station over different line wires, as 2- and -3, the coherercZ, local circuit *eand its corresponding relay including theelectromagnet f-, armature g and switch -]L-, together with theelectromagnets -2land -25 are duplicated for each line, in which casethe electromagncts -25- of the several sets are connected in one series,while the electromagnets 21 for the decoherer are electrically connectedin a separate series, the battery 24.- being common to the entire seriesof electromagnets 25- so that when the circuit, in which these magnets--25 are connected, is closed, all such magnets are energizedsimultaneously; and likewise when the circuit, in which theelectromagnets -21- are con nected, is closed, all of said magnets aresimilarly energized.

The selector -II-- (which, in this instance, is adapted to be operatedby direct current impulses over any one of the lines -1-, -2 or -3 bythe predetermined manipulation of the eorresionding switch -c at thesending stationB, is adapted to close a local circuit 2G at thereceiving station for operating a call or signal -'i or any othertranslating device which it may be desired to operate through the mediumoil? a selector, this selector may be similar to that shown in my PatentNo. 853,888, May 14, 1.907, or what is commonly known as the (l'illselector now in common use.

In operation, assuming that a despatcher at stat-ion ----A desires tocommunicate by telephone with one of the receiving stations G-, then hefirst closes the switch a for impressing a high frequency current uponthe corresponding line --1- which is transmitted to and coheres all ofthe coherers --(Z which may be connected to such line at the severalreceiving stations, thereby closing all of the local battery circuitscand energizing the electromagnets f to draw the corresponding armatures--gout of the field of the adjacent magnets thereby closing all theswitches --Jt-. These operations, of course, refer only to those partswhich are connected to the main line 1 and not to those which areconnected to the main lines 2- and 3, as the corresponding parts whichare connected to lines -2- and 3- are not to be considered in thedescription of this operation. This closing of the switch ]t-- connectsthe local line wires -mto the wires fir which lead to the electromagnet0- oil the relay O-. Now by the proper manipulation of the switch 0 toimpress direct current impulses of predetern'lined periodicitycorresponding to that to which the particular receiving sta-' tion it isdesired to (all is attuned, such impulses will be transmitted throughthe line wires m. and and electromagnets --0---, thereby causing acorresponding vibration oi the armature sbetween the terminals -uand -vso that at each energizing of the magnet -0- the armature s will bemoved out of contact with the terminal u and into contact with theterminal v-, thus closing the local battery circuit from the battery qthrough the switch tand wire e to the selector I* and thence through thewire 15, terminal o, armature s and line wires j) and through thecorresponding terminals of the switch -h. It, therefore, follows that ateach contact of the terminals of the switch 0 the selector -H-- will beoperated, and that if the proper number of impulses to which the chosenselector H is attuned are impressed upon the corresponding line, suchselector will bring into action the call signal -I- or such othertranslating device as may be controlled or operated by the selector;such, for example, as a bell, a semaphore or motor. It is also clearthat at each break of the contact terminals of the switch c the armatures will contact with the terminal u of the relay O-, thereby closing'thelocal battery circuit from the battery *9 through the wires ]9 andcorresponding terminals of the switch '7L, and also through theelectromagnet or solenoid r-, tending to close the switch R of which theterminals 16 and 17 are a part, but owing to the fact that this closingof the switch R is retarded by the dash-pot 20 the terminals 16 and 17are kept apart during the manipulation of the switch 0.

As soon as the relay O- is operated to effect the operation of the callsignal -2', or other translating device, it assumes its normal openposition and allows the armature s to remain in contact with theterminal u, thus keeping the electromagnet 1"- energized until it closesthe switch It, or rather until the terminal 16 is brought into contactwith the terminal 17, by which operation the switch t-- is opened for aninstant and the currentfrom the battery g is allowed to flow through theswitch R and terminal 16 and thence to the electromagnet 2lforattracting and operating the vibrator -22 against the coherer cZ anddecohering the latter and thereby breaking the local circuit c. Now, aslong as the switch 7zremains closed the switches 25 and *-R will bealternately opened and closed, thereby continuing the vibration of thedecohering vibrator 22- until the coherer (Z is sufliciently decoheredto open the local battery circuit e and permit the retracting spring-71-: to open the switch ]I,, whereupon the vibration of the decoheringvibrator 22 ceases, the switch R being finally opened by the opening ofthe switch -t-, which deenergi-zes the electromagnet or solenoid 1"-,allowing the spring l9 to retract the movable switch member -16- readyfor a repetition of the operation just described. When the parts are inthis normal condition with the local battery circuit e and the switchhopen, it is evident that all of the electromagnets and other inductanceat the receiving station are cut out from the main line circuit in whichare connected suitable telephones M- and N located respectively at thesending and receiving stations, by which free communication may beestablished between the sender and receiver, although it is evident thatany other means of communication may be employed over the same linewithout interrup tion. It is also evident that the electro magnet f ofthe selected station is energized to close the corresponding switch -hbefore the electromagnets 25 are energized, and that the armature g ofthe selected station is, therefore, moved out of the field of theelectromagnet- 25 before the latter is energized, and that immediatelyupon the closing of the switch hat such selected station, the magnets-25 at the receiving stations corresponding to the other sendingstations, are energized, thereby holding their. respective switches -hagainst closing and preventing the despatchers at such sending stationsfrom breaking in upon the despatcher who has first endeavored to callthis particular re ceiving station, so that the despatcher who has firstclosed the high frequency current switch a retains possession of theparticular receiving station desired until he is through. one of thedespatchers at stations B and G may effect a similar call of the samereceiving station through the medium of the corresponding coherers cZ,local circuits magnets f, armatures g and switch h, together with theelectromagnets -21, vibrating armatures 22' and electromagnet- 25. It isevident, however, that many of the devices herein described may besubstituted by equivalent mechanisms or electrical translators withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, which consists primarily ofmeans for impressing upon a line circuit any form of current which willselectively operate any one of a number of translating devices on thesame line, and at the same time leaving the main line free fromelectromagnets, inductance, or other apparatus which might interferewith the free transmission of telephonic communication between thecommunicating stations.

lVhat I claim is- 1. In an electric selective system, a main line havingconnected thereto a sending station and a receiving station, a localcircuit at the receiving station having therein a normally open circuitcloser connected across It is evident, however, that any the main line,means for impressing current on the main line for operating the circuitcloser to close the local circuit, a sepa rate local circuit at thereceiving station including therein a selector, a relay at the receivingstation, means brought into action by the closing of the first namedlocal circuit for connecting the relay across the main line, separatemeans at the sending station for impressing current on the main line foroperating the relay to close said separate local circuit and therebyoperate the selector.

2. In an electric selective system, a main line having connected theretoa sendin station and a receiving station, a local circuit at thereceiving station having therein a normally decohered coherer connectedacross the main line, means at the sending station for impressingcurrent on the main line to cohere the coherer and close the localcircuit, a relay at the receiving stat-ion, means brought into action bythe closing of said local circuit for connecting the relay across themain line, and a selector at the receiving station controlled by therelay.

3. In an electric selective system, a main line having connected theretoa sending station and a receiving station, a local circuit at thereceiving station having therein a. normally decohcred coherer connectedacross the main line, means at the sending station for impressingcurrent on the main line to cohere the coherer and close the localcircuit, a relay at the receiving station, means brought into action bythe closing of said local circuit for connecting the relay across themain line, and means controlled by the relay for decohering the coherer.

t. In an electric selective system, a main line circuit having connectedthereto a sending station and a receiving station, a co herer at thereceiving station connected across the main line circuit, means at thesending station for impressing current upon the line to cohcre thecoherer, a relay at the receiving station, and means brought into actionby the energizing of the coherer for placing the relay in electricalconnection with the main line.

In an electric selective system, a main line circuit having connectedthereto a send ing station and a, receiving station, a coherer at thereceiving station connected across the main line circuit, means at thesending station for impressing current upon the line to cohere thecoherer, a normally open branch circuit at the receiving stationconnected across the main line, a circuit closer for the branch circuit,and means brought into action by the cohering ot the coherer foroperating the circuit closer to close said branch circuit.

(3. In an electric selective system, a main line circuit havingconnected thereto a sending station and a receiving station, a localcircuit at the receiving station having a coherer connected across themain line, means at the sending station "for impressing current on themain line to cohcre the coherer and close the local circuit, a normallyopen branch circuit at the receiving station, means brought into actionby the closing of the local circuit for closing the branch circuit, anormally open local selector circuit at the receiving station and aselector therein, nicans at the sending station for impressing adifferent current on the same main line and branch circuit, meansbrought into action by the current impressed on the branch circuit forclosing the local selector circuit for operating the selector, andelectrical means brought into action by the normal opening of theselector circuit for decohering the coherer and thereby breaking thefirst named local circuit.

7. ln an electric selective system, a. main line circuit havingconnected thereto a sending station and a receiving station, a localsclcctor-circuit at the receiving station and a selector therein, atranslating device and separate circuit therefor controlled by theselector, a relay cont rolling the action of the selector, an electricswitch controlling the action oi. the relay, electrical means controlled from the semling station for controlling thc closing oi theswitch. and separate means at the sending station tor controlling theaction ot the relay when the switch is closed.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day of April,1909.

RICHARD (l. LEAKF.

\V i tnesses:

Il. l). (lnAsn, J. l\l. Hons.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

